Peru
The Peruvian population, estimated at 28 million, is multiethnic, and includes Amerindians, Europeans, Africans and Asians. The main spoken language is Spanish, although a significant number of Peruvians speak Quechua or other native languages. This mixture of cultural traditions has resulted in a wide diversity in art, cuisine, literature, and music.

Visitors can hike the stone-paved Inca Trail leading to the breathtaking Inca citadel Machu Picchu on a mountaintop within a cloud forest, cruise down the mighty Amazon through a steamy jungle and take in its incredible biodiversity, or savor a panoramic train ride through the picturesque landscapes of this unforgettable nation on South America’s Pacific coast.

The scenery of the ever-changing rugged landscape includes rice plantations, deserts, colonial towns, wineries and Pisco distilleries, peasant farming communities, thermal hot springs and the soaring, snow-capped Andes. There are also numerous protected parks and reserves featuring everything from high-altitude ecosystems to cliffside bird dwellings. Manu National Park, for example, is inhabited by natives, as well as 1,200 butterflies species, 800 types of birds and 200 different mammals. The terraced Salt Pans of Maras and Lake Titicaca’s floating islands of the Uros people are other popular locations for visitors.

In addition to this natural wealth, Peru also offers an archeological past preserving ancient civilizations and indigenous cultures. Visitors can explore the country’s 180 museums and historic sites. Peruvians hold 3,000 annual festivals, create colorful folk art and handicrafts and don traditional dress in rural areas. There are also many charming cities, such as the capital and gateway, Lima, with its main square, Plaza de Armas, bordered by the Cathedral, Archbishop’s Palace, Town Hall and opulent Government Palace.

Those seeking adventure can go mountaineering and trekking in the Andes, whitewater rafting, mountain biking, hang gliding, surfing, windsurfing, sandboarding, paragliding, rock climbing and hot-air ballooning.
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